PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AS A MECHANISM FOR IMPROVING EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS IN GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Djurayeva Shaxnoza Shavkatovna
Master’s Student, Bucheon University, Uzbekistan
Keywords: project-based learning, educational effectiveness, general secondary education, educational management, student engagement, critical thinking, collaborative learning, competency development.
Abstract
Project-based learning (PBL) is an instructional approach in which students investigate meaningful problems, construct knowledge through inquiry and collaboration, and produce a tangible or presentable outcome. In general, secondary education, its value extends beyond classroom methodology because the systematic organization of project work can influence student engagement, practical application of knowledge, collaboration, critical thinking, and independent learning. This article examines project-based learning as a mechanism for improving educational effectiveness in general secondary schools from pedagogical and educational-management perspectives. The study is conceptual and analytical and is based on the synthesis of established research on experiential learning, project-based learning, student-centered instruction, and educational effectiveness. The analysis identifies four mutually connected mechanisms: active engagement, application of knowledge, collaborative problem solving, and reflective assessment. The article also considers organizational conditions that influence implementation, including teacher preparation, curriculum alignment, school leadership, assessment, time allocation, digital resources, and institutional support. The article proposes practical recommendations for school leaders and teachers aimed at strengthening the quality, sustainability, and educational value of project-based learning.
